6.16): When the gynoecium is monocarpellary apocarpous, the placentae bearing ovules are borne on the ventral suture, where the margins of the ovary wall fuse, e.g., family Leguminosae. (e) Divergent (divaricate) – When two anther lobes separate due to enlarged connective, e.g., Tilia. (c) Gynandrous – Stamens fused with pistils, e.g., Calotropis. Ovary with a single chamber, e.g., Pisum (pea). It is the swollen or expanded tip of the pedicel which bears four whorls i.e. (c) Rosaceous – Petals five or more without any claws i.e., sessile, e.g., Rose, tea, apple etc. A typical flower has four main parts—or whorls—known as the (b) Heterostemnous – when length of stamens are unequal, e.g., Cassia, (c) Didynamous – stamens four, 2 short and 2 long, e.g., Ocimum. (a) Monothecous -one-lobed anther, having 2 pollen chambers (bisporangiate), e.g., Malvaceae family. (a) Petoloid – Coloured petals other than green. Mostly the number of locules corresponds to the number of carpels, but this is not the rule, because sometimes the number of locules may be more than the number of carpels due to the formation of false septa or less due to dissolution of septa. Small and dry scaly bracts found only in gasses and sedges. The ovules are borne on peripheral fused margins of carpels, e.g., Brassica, Papaya, Gourd etc. Gynoecium may be classified broadly into two types: It is composed of only one carpel, e.g., pea, all legumes. The outermost whorl of the flower has green, leafy structures known as sepals. What term describes an incomplete flower lacking a gynoecium? On the basis of shape, stigma may be — capitate or round: Hibiscus, Citrus; plumose or feathery: grasses; Fid or Forked: Tridax; Discoid: Melia; Dumb-bell shaped: Thomoea; Hood-Like: poppy; Funnel-shaped: Crocus; Striated; Argemone. 6. Whorl of bracteoles arising at the base of tie calyx, e.g., cotton, lady’s finger, strawberry. (iii) Tetracarpellary: With four carpels, e.g., Duranta, Berberis, etc. (b) Epitepalous (epiphyilous) – Stamens (used with tepals, e.g., Asparagus, Asphodelus etc. When non-essential whorls (sepals and petals) are not distinct, they are collectively called periandi. In relation with other floral whorls, the ovary may occupy any of the following positions: When Ovary occupies the highest position on thalamus, and the three other whorls (viz., sepals, petals and stamens) are successively insert d below it, the ovary is called superior, e.g., Citrus (lemon), Hibiscus, Brassica, etc. (c) Personate – two-lipped corolla where lips remain closed by a projection called Palate e.g., Antirrhinum (snapdragon), Lindenbergia. Each strand of silk is a stigma. The second whorl is comprised of petals—usually, brightly colored—collectively called the corolla. Each anther consists usually of two lobes connected together by a suture known as connective. 2. Flower actinomorphic, pentamerous; calyx composed of five separate, imbricate sepals with numerous, prominent, more or less spherical to elongate, multicellular trichomes on the abaxial surface; corolla of five separate, imbricate petals; aestivation of calyx and corolla quincuncial. It is the second or attractive whorl present inner to calyx. Question: ORGAN FUNCTION Petals/Corolla Sepals/Calyx Stamens (Androecium) Anther Filament Carpel (Gynoecium) Stigma Style Ovary Ovule This problem has been solved! Each carpel is free from the other forming a separate gynoecium, e.g., Ranunculus, Clematis, etc. 3. Ovary is multilocular and the ovules are borne on septa as well as all over the inner surface, e.g., Nymphea. sepals (calyx) petals (corolla) stamen (androecium) carpel (gynoecium) flowers can have all of these or some of them. The corolla is located above the calyx layer. Ovary is unilocular and a single ovule is borne at the base of the ovary. It is the lowermost (basal) part of the gynoecium, develops by the in rolling of the carpels (megasporophylls) along the median line. 1. Androecium, the male reproductive whorl of flower, is composed of stamens. A carpel is differentiated into 3 parts-stigama, style and ovary. The first whorl is the green sepals, collectively known as the calyx. The ovary develops into … The ovary of flower possesses one or more ovules which later on develop into seeds after fertilization. Present at the base of each floret of members of compositae, e.g., sunflower. The outermost whorl of the flower has green, leafy structures known as sepals. calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium. Polyalthia. Together, the calyx and corolla are known as the perianth. A typical flower has four main parts—or whorls—known as the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium (Figure). (c) Leafy-Leaf-like sepals, e.g., in Mussaenda one of the sepals is modified into yellow leaf-like to attract insects for pollination. When style appears to be arising from the side of the ovary, such as in strawberry, mango. However, they provide beauty to the flower. Calyx and corolla are accessory organs, Androecium and gynoecium are reproductive organs. (b) Dorsifixed- Filament attached to the dorsal (back) side of the anther, e.g. 6.15). The calyx and corolla form the perianth, the outer part of the flower. It is a modified imbricate type with 2 outer, 2 inner and one remain twisted, e.g., Ipomoea, guava etc. The second whorl is the large brightly colored petals collectively known as the corolla. Ovary with three chambers, e.g., Asphodelus, Euphorbia, Musa (Banana), etc. Share Your PDF File (c) Polystemonous – stamens arranged in more than 2 whorls. (f) Urceolate-Um-shapedcorolla, e.g.,Bryophyllum. A typical angiosperm flower has following parts: It is a leaf like structure in whose axil a flower often develops. A flower having either only … What is the significance of transpiration? The ovary, which may contain one or multiple ovules, may be placed above other flower parts, which is referred to as superior; or, it may be placed below the other flower parts, referred to as inferior (Figure 3). (a) Pappus-Hairy or feathery sepals, e.g., Sonchus, Vernonia, sunflower etc. (b) Spurred- When one or more sepals become beak-like outgrowth called spur, e.g., Impatiens, Delphinium. (a) Diplostemonous – Stamens arranged in two whorls, outer whorl alternate with the petals (alternipetalous) and the inner whorl is opposite to petals (antipetalous), e.g., Cassia. Androecium • Male arrangements 4. Brassica. The androecium is formed of modified sporophylls, the stamens, in which microspores or pollen grains are produced. Some other flowers have nectar and scent glands at the base of the corolla. When gynoecium is sterile or underdeveloped, it is called pistillode. iii. 6.10-A). (a) Polypetalous – Petals free, e.g. It is the swollen or expanded tip of the pedicel which bears four whorls i.e. Calyx and Corolla are known as non-essential or accessory whorls because they are not involved in the reproduction. They may be sepaloid (greenish) orpetaloid (coloured other than green). Flowers that contain both an androecium and a gynoecium are called perfect, androgynous or hermaphrodites. Inserted: Shorter than the corolla tube and included within. Flowers contain the plant’s reproductive structures. When a tadpole turns into a frog, its tail shrinks and is reabsorbed. It is related to Convolvulaceae in the presence of persistent calyx, twisted corolla … These are followed by numbers indicating the number of parts in each whorl (e.g. It is a collection of male parts called stamens. Gynoecium, the female reproductive whorl of flower, consists of carpels (= megasporophylls). 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